how to cite an online case study in apa format

how to cite an online case study in apa format

Guidelines for Citing Online Case Studies in APA Format

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1. Introduction to APA Format

The American Psychological Association (APA) publishes a citation format that is used by academics and professionals. APA format is used more frequently in the social science disciplines but is also utilized in other fields. The American Psychological Association is a professional organization for those studying or working in a field relating to psychology. The first edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association was specifically geared towards educating writers in the fields of psychology, education, and the social sciences on how to consistently format their content to create an objective, clear, and easily accessible body of knowledge. The guidelines set by APA are updated routinely to ensure current trends in publishing are addressed.

It is a good idea to get to know the principles and filing system set out by APA in order to interpret case studies in the proper context. As of 2021, APA published the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.) and the Concise Guide to APA Style (7th ed.). Be sure to reference the version that your instructor or academic program recommends, as well as other APA resources. APA updates and publishes an updated manual every 10 years. It has been more than 10 years since the last update to the APA manual. In addition, some instructors may have utilized an earlier publication by the APA, and it is important that writers and researchers understand what version of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association they are working with.

2. Citing Online Case Studies in APA

When citing case studies in APA style, there are specific guidelines one must follow for in-text citations and references at the end of the paper. Guidelines have been established for both print and online case studies. If using an online case study in your paper, it will need to be cited in the following manner, though not all the information will be available in many online case studies, making some details optional:

Format: Author(s) of case study. (Year of case study’s publication). Case study title (Report No.). Website or Journal Title, Volume(Issue) page numbers. DOI.

When citing an online case study in the body of a paper (in-text citations), the name of the author(s) is used, and the date is indicated in parentheses. Examples: (Al Ghurai & Al Saifi, 2012) OR Al-Ghurai and Al-Saifi (2012) discuss that…

At the end of the paper, references are listed in alphabetical order by the last name of the first author. Each case study is formatted like an article or web page, with the addition of the three letters of “nal” for final. This is followed by the volume (in italics), the parentheses, the issue in regular font, the issue number in parentheses, and page numbers in parentheses. Note that the issue number is only needed when several issues have been published in the journal during the volume year. For case studies found online, the researcher can provide either the web address for the publisher’s home page if it is a tabloid-oriented website or the DOI if it is like a journal home page.

3. Components of an APA Citation for Online Case Studies

When citing online case studies in APA format, the reference for an online case study matches that for a standard online source other than the publisher, since the publisher is already identified as the author of the case study. You should thus omit the publisher, identifying the case study instead by the following elements:

Author: – List the person who authored the case study. Like any APA reference entry, the author’s name should be inverted, with the last name listed first, followed by a comma, a space, and the author’s first and middle initials (separated by periods). After providing the author’s initials, add a period. Ensure that the author’s full name is listed, not merely initials. If the case study has no identifiable author, begin the reference with the title of the case study in sentence case instead (and remove the author element).

Date: – Enclose the date in parentheses and follow it with a period. The date may be provided in a specific format, such as year, or in a comprehensive format, such as year, month, and day (in that order, separated by a comma).

Title in sentence case and italics: – Provide the title of the case study in sentence case and italics, while postponing punctuation. Ensure that only the first word of a title and any proper nouns within the title, as well as after any colon or em dash (cardinal rule), are capitalized.

Site Name: – Include the name of the source of the case study, with the first word in the name capitalized (and subsequent words lowercase) and italicized and the capitalized word “Source” followed by a colon in roman font. After this, specify the larger online source (site) where the case study resides, whether a website, journal, or collection. List the title in italicized sentence case.

URL: – End the reference with the URL for the case study’s complete source, ensuring that it is in HTML format, notes format, and without surrounding brackets.

4. Examples of APA Citations for Online Case Studies

Basic Format (i.e., a standalone case, such as would be found on the internet, usually published with a single date or year): Isaacs, M. (2001). Agilent Technologies [Case study]. Pedagogy in Action [Science Education Resource Center, Carleton College]. Wells, J. L. (2003). Glaxo Smith Kline: Alone but far from lonely [Case study]. Warc. Davis, M. R., & Watson, T. (2010). McDonald’s: The story behind the story [Case study]. Fountain Magazine.

Multiple authors, both publishers and case creators named: Bernstein, D., Egan, M., Eisner, E. E., & Strichartz, S. (2016). Intellectual property: The ongoing debate [Case study]. National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science. Koh, Y. S., & Tuaño-Philips, F. (2013). Starbucks Corporation: Can customers breastfeed in a coffee shop? [Case study]. National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science. One author is shown on the source, the other is shown as a translator: Midis, A., & More Peats, K. (2020). Alvea Mutum [Case study]. Science Cases Journal, 4, 1–9.

5. Conclusion and Additional Resources

Citing an online case study is easily accomplished using APA format, and appropriate citation is crucial, ensuring that anyone who reads your paper can trace your research if they choose to. Case studies present the experience of a particular organization. Case study citation includes author, year published, case study title, Web site title in italics, URL, and date of access. Regardless of the type of research paper you are writing, your finished research paper should present your own thinking backed up by others’ ideas and information.

In this guide, you learned how to cite online case studies following APA guidelines. Whether available or created by an authorized organization, to cite these from the original source or, if unavailable, cite as personal communication. Lastly, always ensure your citation adheres to the standards of your citation style (e.g., use a citation generator to create a reference list). APA format is one of the most common and widely-used online citation and reference styles. It is most frequently used within the social sciences, such as business and psychology, and it is applicable to many sources of information. The APA Style website is an important resource for properly citing case studies in your referenced paper. It includes hundreds of pages of creation and correction guidance, as well as endorsing instructional materials, blog posts, videos, conferences, and social media to help users understand more about their work with APA.

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